Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract Houttuynia cordata Clay Mask Against Staphylococcus aureus
Keywords:
Antibacterial Activity, Clay Mask, Houttuynia Cordata, Phytochemical Screening, Staphylococcus Aureus.Abstract
Acne is a common inflammatory skin disorder frequently associated with bacterial infection, including Staphylococcus aureus. The increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance and potential side effects of synthetic anti-acne agents encourage the development of plant-based topical formulations. This study aimed to formulate a clay mask containing ethanol extract of Houttuynia cordata leaves and to evaluate its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus as well as its physical characteristics. The leaves were extracted using remaceration with 96% ethanol, yielding a thick extract with a rendement of 28.534%. Phytochemical screening and thin-layer chromatography confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. Clay mask formulations were prepared at extract concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%, followed by antibacterial testing using the well diffusion method. The average inhibition zones were 1.612 ± 0.040 cm (10%), 1.706 ± 0.046 cm (20%), and 1.806 ± 0.039 cm (30%), categorized as strong inhibition. Statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA) showed significant differences between concentrations (p < 0.05). All formulations met physical evaluation requirements, including pH (4.706–6.668), spreadability (5.210–5.508 cm), adhesion (>5 seconds), viscosity, homogeneity, and no irritation response. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of Houttuynia cordata formulated as a clay mask exhibits concentration-dependent antibacterial activity and meets acceptable physical quality standards, indicating its potential as a natural anti-acne topical product.
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